Poland has been strengthening its position for years as one of the most dynamic technology markets in Central and Eastern Europe. A highly qualified engineering workforce, advanced digital infrastructure and a strategic location in Europe create conditions that continue to attract foreign investors from the new technologies sector.
In November 2025, the Ministry of Digital Affairs published an updated version of the “Policy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in Poland until 2030” — a document that redefines the framework for technology-driven business activity in Poland and creates a number of practical opportunities for companies planning to expand into the Polish market.
For a foreign entrepreneur, one question is particularly important: does the country in which they plan to invest treat artificial intelligence as an economic priority supported by concrete actions? In the case of Poland, the answer is yes — and this can be measured.
Five pillars of Poland’s AI Policy — what do they mean for business?
Poland’s AI Policy is based on five strategic objectives. Each of them has specific implications for the business environment in Poland.
Objective 1: A coordinated AI ecosystem
The computing power available to companies is expected to increase from 3 to 40 exaflops through the PLGrid network. Access is to be provided through a system of computing vouchers — designed to be simplified and relatively fast to use.
What does this mean for your company?
- Access to computing resources previously available mainly to the largest technology corporations
- The ability to train proprietary AI models without investing in your own infrastructure
- Computing grant schemes for small and medium-sized enterprises, including foreign entities operating in Poland
Objective 2: A society with advanced AI skills
A growing pool of specialists is one of the strongest arguments for locating research and development activities in Poland.
By 2030, Poland aims to achieve:
- An 80% increase in graduates from AI-related fields
- A 50% increase in completed PhDs in the field of AI
- At least 10 reskilling and upskilling programmes for employees from different sectors
- 30% of Polish society having advanced AI-related skills
Objective 3: An efficient state
The digitalisation of public administration is not only a convenience for citizens. For companies operating in Poland, it also means the real prospect of faster and more predictable administrative procedures.
By 2030, the plan includes:
- 80% of public entities using AI tools
- An AI virtual assistant in the mObywatel application
- Pilot implementations of the PLLuM model in more than 1,000 public offices
- Digitalisation of legislative processes and regulatory impact assessments
Objective 4: Poland as the heart of the AI continent
This pillar is directly focused on the private sector — and is the most relevant from the perspective of foreign investors.
Measurable targets for 2030 include:
- 34% of Polish SMEs using AI tools in business processes
- A 50% increase in the value of Venture Capital and Private Equity investments in AI
- At least 50 companies per year testing solutions in regulatory sandboxes
- At least 1% of GDP generated by companies developing AI solutions
Objective 5: Trustworthy AI
Poland is building an AI ecosystem aligned with European values. This is particularly important for companies that must demonstrate that their solutions comply with the requirements of European business partners and regulators.
Priority areas include:
- Personal data protection in line with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act)
- Transparency of algorithms and decision-making processes
- AI tools accessible to people with disabilities and digitally excluded groups
- A public tool to counter AI-generated disinformation
AI Policy 2030 · Strategic Framework
Four pillars shaping Poland’s AI economy
01
AI ecosystem
40×
increase in computing power — 3 to 40 exaflops via PLGrid network
02
AI skills society
80%
increase in AI-field graduates targeted by 2030
03
AI investment hub
50%
growth in VC/PE investment in AI companies targeted by 2030 — primary investor entry point
04
Trustworthy AI
EU-alignedGDPR + EU AI Act compliance built into the national framework
Pillar 3 is the primary entry point for foreign investors. Binding targets: 34% of Polish SMEs using AI by 2030, 50 companies in regulatory sandboxes per year, at least 1% of GDP from AI-focused companies.
Computing infrastructure — the foundation of Poland’s AI ecosystem
Companies entering the Polish market may gain access to computing resources that were previously unavailable on this scale in the CEE region.
Network of AI Factories in Poland
| Location | Name | Scope |
| Poznań | PIAST AI Factory (PCSS) | Regional computing centre |
| Kraków | GAIA AI Factory (CYFRONET AGH) | Support for science and business |
| Baltic region | Baltic AI GigaFactory, under development | European-class supercomputing infrastructure |
The PLGrid network integrates supercomputing resources from six centres: Kraków, Warsaw, Poznań, Wrocław, Gdańsk and Otwock. PIAST AI Factory in Poznań and GAIA AI Factory in Kraków are expected to cooperate closely with Finland’s LUMI AI Factory, creating a distributed European computing ecosystem.
The planned Baltic AI GigaFactory, developed jointly with the Baltic states, could place Poland at a global level in terms of computing power for AI, while preserving a significant cost advantage compared with Western Europe.
AI regulatory sandboxes — a safe environment for innovation
For foreign companies considering the implementation of innovative AI solutions in Poland, regulatory sandboxes may become one of the most important tools for reducing regulatory risk.
What is a regulatory sandbox?
A regulatory sandbox is a controlled experimental environment in which innovative AI systems can be developed, trained, tested and validated before full market deployment. It may operate in a physical, digital or hybrid form.
Key participation conditions
- Free access for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises
- At least three sectoral sandboxes launched by 2028
- At least 50 companies per year testing solutions in a controlled environment
- Poland’s obligation to launch regulatory sandboxes no later than 2 August 2026
- Possible funding of R&D activities from national and EU funds
New Polish Act on AI systems — what changes for entrepreneurs?
In February 2026, the Ministry of Digital Affairs published a new version of the draft Act on Artificial Intelligence Systems. The document is the result of broad public consultations and is intended to support the national application of the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act).
Commission for the Development and Safety of Artificial Intelligence (KRiBSI)
The draft regulations provide for the creation of a new independent supervisory body — an important contact point for companies implementing AI systems in Poland.
The Commission is expected to include representatives of:
- The President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (UOKiK) and the Polish Financial Supervision Authority (KNF)
- The National Labour Inspectorate (PIP) and the President of the Office of Electronic Communications (UKE)
- Experts in medicine and law, including the Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products
Independence guarantee: the Chairperson is to be appointed by the Sejm, with the consent of the Senate, for a five-year term.
What do the new Polish AI regulations mean for your company?
| Instrument | Benefit for entrepreneurs |
| Individual opinions issued by the Commission for the Development and Safety of Artificial Intelligence (KRiBSI) | Greater legal certainty before deploying an AI system |
| Sanction mitigation mechanism | Reduced penalties for companies that quickly correct infringements |
| Remote inspections as the standard approach | Minimal disruption to day-to-day operations |
| Regulatory sandboxes | Safe testing of innovations without sanction risk |
Strategic sectors — where is it worth investing?
Poland’s AI Policy identifies seven key sectors. For each of them, a dedicated Sectoral Implementation Map is to be developed. These documents are expected to define specific AI use cases, data-sharing frameworks and support instruments.
Energy
- Optimisation of grid management and integration of renewable energy sources
- Demand forecasting and energy efficiency
- Consistency with the European Apply AI strategy
E-commerce
- A strong and dynamically growing market with significant potential for AI in offer personalisation and demand forecasting
- Optimisation of business processes and customer relationship management
Dual-use products
- AI solutions designed for both civilian and defence purposes
- Growing defence expenditure in Poland and the CEE region is driving demand in this segment
Cybersecurity
- Demand for AI solutions for threat detection, situational awareness and critical infrastructure protection
- Poland is actively developing the AI Security Research Centre at NASK
BioMedTech
- Poland has advanced e-health infrastructure, including e-prescriptions, the Internet Patient Account and e-referrals
- The strategy assumes that 70% of adult patients will be covered by AI tools supporting health condition analysis
- Poland is becoming a growing medtech centre in Central and Eastern Europe
Financial services
- A mature and highly digitalised banking sector
- Potential for AI in risk management, fraud detection and service personalisation
Transport, forwarding and logistics
- Poland is one of Europe’s largest logistics hubs
- AI can support route optimisation, supply chain management and transport planning
Polish language models — sovereign AI for the European market
For foreign companies required to comply with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) and European digital sovereignty standards, Polish open-source models may offer a unique value proposition.
PLLuM — Polish Large Language Model
- Created by Polish scientists and publicly funded since 2025
- Designed with Polish linguistic, cultural and regulatory context in mind
- Protected against the generation of harmful content — a key factor for use in regulated sectors
- Integrated with mObywatel and local government administration, including Częstochowa, Łódź and Gdynia
Bielik — an open European family of AI models
- Operates in 32 languages under the Apache 2.0 licence
- Built by a community of more than 4,000 researchers, developers and entrepreneurs
- Serves as a foundation for European social and commercial projects
Why does this matter for your company? Both models offer access to high-quality AI in line with EU regulations, without dependence on providers from outside Europe. In the context of growing requirements related to data localisation and technological sovereignty, this is an increasingly important argument for investors and technology companies.
Financial support — specific instruments for SMEs and investors
Poland’s AI Policy provides for an extensive support system, also available to foreign entities conducting business activity in Poland.
Funding landscape
Available financial programmes for AI companies
Financial programmes available to companies
| Programme | Budget | Implementing institution |
| SMART Pathway (FENG) | PLN 1.3 billion | National Centre for Research and Development (NCBR) |
| INFOSTRATEG | PLN 500 million | National Centre for Research and Development (NCBR) |
| STEP Priority 5 | PLN 3.8 billion | National Centre for Research and Development (NCBR) / Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (PARP) |
| AI implementations in companies and institutions | PLN 200 million | EU Funds |
| PFR Deep Tech | PLN 300 million public funding + at least PLN 300 million private funding | PFR Ventures |
| AI Factories, 2025–2026 | PLN 60 million in 2025 + PLN 162 million in 2026 | State budget |
Step-by-step support path for SMEs
- ai.gov.pl — central source of AI information for business
- “Digital Starter Pack” by PFR — assessment of a company’s technological readiness
- Computing voucher — access to the computing power of AI Factories
- European Digital Innovation Hubs (EDIHs) — technological and regulatory advisory support, free of charge for SMEs
- AI sandbox — testing a solution in a safe environment
- Implementation programmes by PARP, PFR and BGK — funding for full-scale implementation
Labour market and skills — why Poland is the right choice
Poland has long been a preferred location for technology centres of foreign corporations. Ongoing systemic initiatives are designed to strengthen this advantage over the coming years.
Key initiatives supporting AI skills development
- IDEAS Research Institute, established in 2025 — intended to retain outstanding scientists in Poland, attract talent from abroad and build cooperation networks with ELLIS Society, Adra and Elsa
- “Digital Student” programme — development of AI skills at primary and secondary school level
- AI Factories — centres integrating science, business and administration, enabling faster testing and implementation of innovations
- AI Skills Academy, a European initiative — practical training programmes implemented in Poland
Market outlook: by 2035, the Polish labour market is expected to shrink by approximately 2.1 million workers, representing 12.6% of employment. In this context, process automation is not a threat but a necessity — and this is likely to drive demand for AI solutions among Polish employers.
AI Act in Poland — how should companies prepare?
The EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) entered into force on 1 August 2024, while its obligations are being applied gradually over a phased implementation period. Poland’s national framework is intended to create an environment that supports companies in achieving compliance, rather than focusing only on sanctions.
AI system risk classification — what applies to your company?
Prohibited AI systems
These systems are subject to a general prohibition, including:
- Systems used by public authorities for social scoring
- Subliminal manipulation
- Real-time biometric identification in public spaces, subject to specific exceptions
High-risk AI systems
These systems are subject to detailed requirements, including:
- Applications in healthcare, justice, critical infrastructure and other regulated areas
- Recruitment and employee assessment systems
- Biometric systems
- Road traffic and infrastructure management systems
Limited-risk AI systems
These systems are subject mainly to transparency requirements, including:
- Chatbots and virtual assistants
- Deepfakes and synthetic media content
Low-risk AI systems
This category covers most standard business applications of AI that do not trigger specific regulatory requirements.
Practical steps for companies — AI Act compliance checklist
- Classify all AI systems currently used or planned in your organisation
- Identify high-risk systems and assign compliance responsibility
- Implement risk management procedures and technical documentation
- Consult planned deployments with the Commission for the Development and Safety of Artificial Intelligence (KRiBSI), where appropriate
- Consider participation in a regulatory sandbox for innovative solutions
- Provide training for employees responsible for AI systems
Poland in AI rankings — ambition to join Europe’s leading group
| Ranking | Poland’s current position | 2030 target |
| Tortoise Global AI Index | 36th place | Top 10–20 |
| Government AI Readiness Index, Oxford Insights | 34th place | Top 10–20 |
| Stanford HAI Global AI Vibrancy Tool | 24th place | Top 10–20 |
Achieving these targets will require consistent investment, but the direction is clearly defined. For foreign investors, the prospect of Poland being positioned among Europe’s leading AI economies by the end of the decade may be an argument for making investment decisions now rather than later.
Global AI rankings · 2030 targets
Poland’s trajectory in three key indices
Tortoise Global AI Index
36th
↓
Top 10–20
Target by 2030
Government AI Readiness
34th
↓
Top 10–20
Oxford Insights
Stanford HAI Vibrancy
24th
↓
Top 10–20
Target by 2030
Summary — why invest in AI in Poland?
Poland’s AI Policy until 2030 is a practical roadmap with measurable objectives, dedicated financial instruments, expanding infrastructure and a clearer regulatory supervision system.
Poland’s key advantages for AI investors
- European-class computing infrastructure — AI Factories, the PLGrid network and the Baltic AI GigaFactory
- Regulatory sandboxes — safe testing of innovation without sanction risk
- Free access to infrastructure for SMEs through a voucher system
- Polish open-source models, including PLLuM and Bielik — sovereign AI aligned with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
- Billions of zlotys in available financial support from national and EU funds
- A clearer regulatory pathway — implementation of the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) with business support instruments
- A growing base of AI specialists — systemic measures to retain and attract talent
- One of the largest markets in Central and Eastern Europe, with dynamically growing demand for AI solutions
For companies considering AI investment in Poland, the direction is clear: Poland wants to become not only a user of artificial intelligence, but also one of the European centres where AI solutions are developed, tested, regulated and commercialised.
